http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/15 Institute for Peace and Strategic Studies 2026-04-19T11:01:59Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/842 INTER-CADRE CONFLICT IN THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT SERVICE OF OYO STATE, NIGERIA JIMOH, ADEWOLE ADISA Inter-cadre conflict is a common phenomenon in the government service in general. This is particularly evident in Oyo State Civil and Local Government Services. Scholars have written extensively on employer-employee conflict and workplace conflict. Most of the existing works on Local Government are largely on its evolution, finance, structure, organisation, and most recently, corruption. However, not much study has been done on inter-cadre conflict in the Local Government Service of Oyo State. The study, therefore, examined the causes and effects of inter-cadre conflict among the employees and management in Ido Local Government Area. Karl Marx‟s Conflict and Douglas McGregor Theory X and Y formed the framework, while a survey case study research design was adopted. The study population consisted of the staff of Ido Local Government in Oyo State. Primary sources of data included a structured questionnaire and in-depth interview guide. Stratified sampling method was used to administer a questionnaire to 150 respondents, 50 each from the management, middle level and lower cadre staff. 120 copies of questionnaire were responded to by the participants and this was analyzed. Twenty in-depth interviews were also conducted with staff from eight departments. Secondary data included books, journals, periodicals, internet, and government documents. Data were content analysed. Pay-cut without consent, corruption and competition were some of the causes of conflict. Seventy-three point two per cent (73.2%) strongly agreed that pay-cut without consent led to inter-cadre conflict, work pressure (70.0%), jealousy (61.7%), competition (55.0%), corruption (60.8%), accusation (60.0%), indiscriminate promotion (46.7%), communication (38.3%), too high expectation from work (35.0%), provocative language (52.5%) and sexual harassment (70.0%.). On the effects of the inter-cadre conflict, there were positive and negative impacts. For positive, it was found out that (65.8%) strongly agreed inter-cadre conflict improved workplace conflict management skill; it improved quality decisions (72.5%), it improved policies and procedures, (65%); it built team cohesion. On the other hand, 61.7% agreed it wasted time and poor quality work (78.3%); it led to insecurity (78.3%); it decreased productivity (76.7%); it led to strike and rebellion (65.0%); it caused high employee turnover (60.8%); and it broke relationship between employees (57.5%). To minimise inter-cadre conflict, 42.5% strongly disagreed conflict can be resolved by negligence; the Local Government Service Commission had to intervene (37.5%). On the best means of managing the management-employee conflict, 43.3% strongly agreed employees and management should seek compromises; while 55.0% opined that managers should help resolve the issues. Inter-cadre conflict in the Local Government Service of Oyo State are caused mainly by corruption, work pressure and sexual harassment; in reaction to which there are positive and negative effects. Regular meetings of management and employees should be organised to address these differences. Mediation should be adopted in resolving conflict between management and employees. 2019-04-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/840 GUBERNATORIAL IMPEACHMENT AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR DEMOCRACY, PEACE AND SECURITY IN BAYELSA, PLATEAU AND OYO STATES, NIGERIA JOHNSON, Alalibo Sinikiem Impeachment is a constitutional provision for the removal of certain categories of elected political officials such as President, Vice President, Governors and Deputy Governors for gross misconduct as contained in Section 143 Sub-sections 1-11 and Section 188 Sub-sections 1-11 of Nigeria’s 1999 Constitution. Extant studies on impeachment have focused almost exclusively on threats of impeachment, judicial review of impeachment cases and the role of the legislature, while little attention has been paid to its implications for democratic practice, peace and security. This study, therefore, investigated the impeachments of Governors DSP Alamieyeseigha, Joshua Dariye and Rashidi Ladoja of Bayelsa, Plateau and Oyo States, respectively with emphasis on the extent to which the impeachments complied with constitutional provisions. Patterns and processes of their impeachments, legal and political issues triggered by the way in which the impeachments were conducted and the implications for democracy, peace and security in Nigeria. Boone’s Patron-Client and Mosca’s Elite Fragmentation theories served as framework. Case study research design was adopted. Primary and secondary data were utilised. Thirty-six in-depth interviews were conducted in Bayelsa, Plateau and Oyo states, using purposive and snowballing sampling techniques to select respondents comprising 13 former legislators, six party leaders, one of the three impeached governors, one constitutional lawyer, seven panel members that investigated allegations of gross misconduct against the governors, three journalists and five stakeholders. Secondary data were derived from books, periodicals, 1999 Constitution, Law Reports and Parliamentary proceedings. Data were content analysed. The impeachments of the three Governors did not comply with the constitutional provisions, as the required quorum of two-third legislators for impeachment was not fulfilled in all cases. In Bayelsa State, only 15 lawmakers out of 24 conducted the impeachment of Governor DSP Alamieyeseigha. In Plateau State only six legislators out of 24 impeached Governor Joshua Dariye, while only 18 out of 32 lawmakers conducted the impeachment of Governor Rashidi Ladoja of Oyo State. The three states shared similar patterns of the impeachment as political interests of aggrieved patrons and other vested interests played significant roles in instigating these impeachments. The processes of these impeachments were the overt display of federal power using the security operatives as instruments of impeachment. Both Rashidi Ladoja of Oyo State and Joshua Dariye of Plateau State were reinstated by the Supreme Court, while DSP Alamieyeseigha was unable to reclaim his mandate. The impeachments occasioned harassment of state lawmakers by security personnel, loss of life of Mr. Darupale and the destruction of the property of Lam Adesina in Ibadan, burning of Ibrahim Mantu’s house and assaults on security operatives in Jos, and the escalation of militancy in the Niger Delta. The impeachments of the three governors were a setback to governance and overall development of the affected states. The unconstitutional impeachments of DSP Alamieyeseigha, Joshua Dariye and Rashidi Ladoja undermined democracy, peace and security in Nigeria. To avert recurrence of unconstitutional impeachments, there should be strict adherence to the provisions of the constitution. 2019-03-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/838 INTRA-SECTARIAN CONFLICT MANAGEMENT MECHANISMS AMONG WORSHIPPERS OF IGBE ORHE IN DELTA STATE, NIGERIA AFATAKPA, ONOSEME FORTUNE Intra-sectarian religious conflicts and violence are on the increase across the globe. Whereas some have been successfully managed, others seem to have defied solution. Existing studies have focused on the management of intra-sectarian conflicts especially among world religions such as Judaism, Christianity and Islam, with little attention paid to monotheistic non-Abrahamic religions especially in Africa. This study, therefore, examined the management of intra-sectarian conflict among the adherents of Igbe Orhe, a monotheistic non-Abrahamic religion in Delta State, Nigeria with a view to investigating the causes, patterns and dimensions, conflict handling styles and challenges associated with the management mechanisms. John Hicks’ theory of Religious Pluralism and Jeremy Bentham’s Utilitarianism Principle were used as framework for analysis, while case study research design was utilised. Primary data were collected with thirty five key informant interviews purposively selected: thirteen Inori (Chief Priests), eight Ini Igbe (Chief Priestesses), six lay adherents, four community leaders, two customary court registrars, two police officers and the head of reconciliation and reunification sub-committee of the religion. Eighteen in-depth interviews were conducted with one Ose Isi (Supreme Leader), nine Uku (Parish High Priests), and eight Emete Uku (Parish High Priestesses). A total of three focus group discussions comprising eight members each, were held with the youth, men and women of Igbe Orhe. Non-participant observation of mediation and religious arbitration methods were carried out. Secondary data consisted of relevant literature. Data were content-analysed using descriptive and narrative styles. Springing up of splinter groups, deviation from the original doctrines of the founder, influence of western modernity, monopoly over ordination into the priesthood system, betrayal of trust by leadership, insubordination, poaching of members, were identified as major causes of intra-sectarian conflict among adherents. Misrepresentation of Igbe Orhe through false publications, inadequate distribution of food and drinks during the celebration of religious festivals were also discovered as other causes of intra-sectarian conflict among the adherents of Igbe Orhe. The dominant patterns of conflict outcomes in Igbe Orhe were non-violent because of a dominant orientation of sectarian pluralism. The conflict dimensions included schisms, non-recognition of any Uku or Omote Uku not ordained by Ose Isi (Supreme Leader), selective attendance of feasts and feeling of social exclusion. Igbe Orhe has an integrated conflict management mechanism built around negotiation, mediation, religious arbitration and adjudication which usually transformed the conflicts. Rigidity, arbitrariness in decision making, lack of adequate training in conflict management skills were identified as the major challenges in Igbe Orhe. Igbe Orhe has potent and efficient intra-sectarian conflict management mechanisms. However, the practitioners needs to be flexible, more accommodating in its conflict management approaches and open to new conflict management skills. 2018-08-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/123456789/836 CONTEXTAND CONTENT OF DISPUTE SETTLEMENT INTERVENTION IN SELECTED TELEVISION STATIONS IN SOUTH WEST, NIGERIA BELLO, TEMITOPE YETUNDE The mass media, particularly television, contribute to alternative means of dispute resolution in contemporary society. It is used as a peace building tool in developing societies, even though scholars have not paid enough attention to the content and context of the dispute settlement intervention television programmes in SouthWest Nigeria. This study, therefore, focused on the dispute settlement intervention programmes on selected television stations. It examined the content and context of dispute settlement processes on television and how they influence the dynamics of conflict. Social Responsibility and Media Cultivation theories provided the framework, while case study research design was adopted. Five television dispute settlement programmes on state-owned television stations across SouthWest Nigeria were selected. They includedṢó Dáa Bẹ́ẹ̀? (Oyo, BCOS), Ọlọ́wọ́gbọgbọrọ (Ogun, OGTV),Má j’ìyà gbé (Osun, OSBC), Mo gb’ẹ́jọ́ mi dé (Lagos, LTV) and ÌjòkóỌ̀jọ̀gbọ́n (Ondo, OSRC). Data were collected from interviews with 24 key informants and 58 in-depth interviewees. The key informants comprised the programme presenters, the presenter-producers and the panelists. In-depth interviewees comprised television staff, parties to disputes and programmes audiences. Non-participant observations of selected programmes were carried out over a period of two years, while analysis of recorded episodes and diaries were also conducted. Data were content analysed. The most popular conflicts handled on the television dispute settlement programmes were civil in nature, such as disputes over property and land, inheritance, marital and family matters, business and commerce. Methods adopted in settling disputes were varied and depended on the nature of the conflict. They included facilitated dialogue, mediation and reconciliation. The use of Yoruba proverbs and anecdotes, adherence to the principles and values of ọmọlúàbí(good and respectable character) and significant reference to communalism in peace negotiations influenced the processes and outcomes. Most of the disputants were of the opinion that the interventions were effective, owing to high level of confidence reposed in television because of its sound and sight quality, as well as the credibility of the panelists who were often experienced elders drawn from communities in which the television stations were sited. However, poor funding, aging panel members, lack of follow-up on cases and limited capacity to enforce decisions were some of the identified challenges. Television dispute settlement intervention programmes contribute to peaceful coexistence in SouthWest Nigeria by intervening in family and business disputes largely through the Yoruba principle of ọmọlúàbí. The programmes can be enhanced with adequate funding and by including younger but experienced people on the panelists. 2019-05-01T00:00:00Z